Psychological internalization is one of the central topological shifts of violence in modernity.
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The camp is a non-place. In this sense it is different from the prison, which still is part of a place.
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The concentration camp is also an expression of this topological change.
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In modernity, brute violence was delegitimized not only on the political stage but also in nearly all other social milieus. It has lost virtually every show-place.
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It was neither silent nor naked but rather eloquent and signifying.
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violence did not conceal itself. It was visible and manifest. It had no shame.
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In premodernity, violence was ubiquitous, and above all both mundane and visible. It was a significant component of social practice and communication. Thus it was not merely wielded but also expressly put on display
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In modernity, violence assumes a psychic, psychologized, internalized form. It takes on intrapsychic forms.
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It was a society of blood, distinct from the modern society of the psyche.
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External violence unburdens the psyche because it externalizes suffering.